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Open Problems

Trust still gated by what we cannot yet certify.

01

Logical qubits still Markovian?

Physical noise forgets; syndrome memory can break logical GST / RB.

APS 2026

02

Can we untangle crosstalk?

Separate SPAM, gate error, and neighbor coupling—no independence assumed.

Simultaneous GST

03

What noise stays unlearnable?

Mid-circuit measurements unlock Pauli parameters cycle benchmarking can't see.

MCM cycle BB

04

Few shots, real certificates?

Classical shadows turn random measurements into scalable checks.

IWQCVV

05

Is one number enough?

A single fidelity doesn't predict useful quantum advantage.

Nat. Rev. Phys. 2025

06

Can one prover certify BQP?

Information-theoretic single-prover QPIP is still open.

OQP · QIP

07

Must certification entangle copies?

Optimal rates with limited t-copy measurements remain open.

FOCS · QIP

09

Crosstalk—or just memory?

Non-Markovianity can fake crosstalk in GST fits.

PRX Quantum

11

Does crosstalk go logical?

Low-weight coupling can become logical ZZ in multi-logical blocks.

QEC 2025

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